Battery online monitoring technology in substation applications - Power Circuits - Circuits

[Abstract] This paper discusses the application of battery online monitoring technology in the power system, highlights the issues encountered during its implementation, and provides insights into its future development directions. [Keywords] online monitoring, intelligent, networked 1. Introduction In the power system, the substation battery serves as a critical backup power source. When there is a malfunction in the battery pack or any related incidents, the entire power supply system could fail, leading to equipment shutdowns and other significant operational disruptions. Over the past few years, with the growing adoption of valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries (referred to as valve-controlled batteries) within power systems, accidents triggered by battery failures have occurred, sometimes resulting in fires and station-wide outages. The unique valve-controlled sealing design makes it difficult for us to accurately assess the health of these batteries. What was once considered a "maintenance-free" advantage has now become a challenge in battery management. While advancements in battery performance and reduced maintenance requirements are beneficial, quickly and effectively detecting early failures and predicting battery performance trends has emerged as a new focus in battery management. Besides traditional maintenance methods like verification discharge and terminal voltage checks, new technologies have been developed alongside technological progress. Battery online monitoring technology has gradually found applications in the power system. 2. Application of Battery Online Monitoring Technology The battery online monitoring devices currently utilized in substations are essentially battery inspection instruments. These instruments are categorized into two types. The first type measures individual battery cell voltages and consists of a main control module and multiple acquisition modules. The main module follows commands from the monitor and sends battery data back to the DC device monitor. Each acquisition module collects the voltage, current, and temperature of 10 to 20 cells. The DC charging device's monitor displays the voltage of each individual battery, identifies faulty ones, and triggers alarms. This type of battery inspection monitor is typically offered by DC equipment manufacturers and is an optional feature when purchasing DC equipment. However, due to its limited functionality—unable to test battery capacity, low measurement accuracy, and frequent false alarms—it has not gained widespread use. The testing schematic is illustrated in Figure 1:

Figure 1 shows the typical setup for battery monitoring. Despite the challenges, the potential for improved reliability and predictive maintenance remains promising. Future developments should focus on enhancing the precision and scope of monitoring while addressing the limitations of current systems. In conclusion, battery online monitoring technology represents a step forward in ensuring the stability of power systems. By overcoming the shortcomings of current systems and integrating advanced features such as real-time data analytics and AI-driven predictions, we can enhance the overall safety and efficiency of battery operations. This technology holds the key to preventing catastrophic failures and ensuring uninterrupted power supply across various sectors. As the energy landscape continues to evolve, embracing innovative solutions like battery online monitoring will play a pivotal role in shaping a more reliable and sustainable energy future.

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