Environmental protection has become an inevitable direction for the development of various industries. Achieving both environmental friendliness and high efficiency has become a significant focus in today’s world. In modern electronic systems, data processing speeds are accelerating, data traffic and storage capacities are expanding, and system reliability is improving. Meanwhile, electronic devices are shrinking in size while their integration levels are rising, and power consumption is being optimized. Particularly, portable handheld devices and remote control systems not only demand high integration and miniaturization of electronic systems but also require minimal power consumption. This ensures longer battery life within the same volume and power envelope. As electronics become simpler and end products get smaller, integrated circuit manufacturers must design increasingly compact and efficient packages. With the continuous increase in the number of processors, memories, and other integrated circuits in these systems, heat generation becomes a critical issue, emphasizing the importance of thermal management in system design. These factors present additional challenges for integrated circuit manufacturers and electronic design engineers. Innovation in power technology is essential to drive the rapid advancement of this field.
Development Trends and Types of Power Technology
1.1 Development Trend of Power Technology
Modern power supplies began with silicon rectification technology in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Their evolution has gone through the eras of rectification, inversion, and frequency conversion, promoting the application of power technology in numerous emerging fields. The development of power semiconductor composite devices, such as power MOSFETs and IGBTs, in the late 1980s and early 1990s marked the transition of traditional power technology into the modern era.
The main trends in modern power technology include:
1. Green and miniaturized: Low power consumption, low pollution, low current, high efficiency, and high integration are now the mainstream. The progress of power technology heavily relies on advancements in electronic components and integrated circuits.
2. Modular and intelligent: Power technology modularity involves modular power units and output modules. New switching power supplies integrate power switches and various output protection modules to reduce the size further. Output voltage regulator circuits are modular, enhancing flexibility, convenience, and intelligence in practical applications.
3. Digital and diversified: With the development and maturity of digital technology, modern power supplies are trending towards digital solutions. Digital technology helps reduce high-frequency harmonic interference and nonlinear distortion, facilitating CPU-controlled digital management.
Modern power supplies exhibit excellent EMC characteristics, reducing high-frequency harmonic pollution and enhancing their own anti-jamming capabilities.
1.2 Types of Power Technology
Classified by input-output status: AC-AC, AC-DC, DC-AC, DC-DC.
Classified by working status: Linear power supply, switching power supply, diode-regulated power supply.
By the same load connection voltage regulation method: Series regulated power supply, parallel regulated power supply.
Classified by output voltage adjustment method: Fixed output power supply, adjustable power supply. With the development of power technology, power classifications and definitions are becoming increasingly blurred. For instance, the LA76810 TV receiver integrated audio amplifier AN5265 uses a 9V DC power supply. However, it doesn't directly output 9V DC or use a 7809 voltage regulator block; instead, it employs a 7812 output regulated by a 9V Zener diode to power the integrated circuit.
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In conclusion, the future of power technology lies in its ability to meet the growing demands for efficiency, miniaturization, and sustainability across various industries. As technology advances, we can expect even greater innovations that will shape the way we consume and manage energy in our daily lives.
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